How does formative assessment differ from summative assessment for ELLs?

Formative assessment is designed to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors and students to enhance learning and improve skill development. For English Language Learners (ELLs), this continuous assessment approach is particularly beneficial as it allows teachers to monitor progress and adjust instruction based on students' needs throughout the learning process. It emphasizes understanding and growth rather than merely assigning a final grade.

This form of assessment can take many forms, including quizzes, discussions, and informal observations, allowing students to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in real-time. It creates a supportive learning environment where teachers can identify areas where ELLs may struggle and intervene promptly, fostering better comprehension and language acquisition.

In contrast to formative assessments, summative assessments occur after instruction is complete and evaluate what students have learned, often in the form of standardized tests or final exams. Focusing solely on standardized testing does not offer the flexibility or the immediate feedback that formative assessments provide. Additionally, while assessment may occur at the beginning of the lesson, it does not characterize formative assessments, which persist throughout the instructional process.