What characterizes the subtractive/remedial model of bilingual education?

The subtractive/remedial model of bilingual education is characterized by the idea that the second language is positioned to replace the first language. In this model, the educational approach tends to emphasize transitioning students to the second language while often devaluing or diminishing the role of their first language. This can lead to scenarios where the first language is not maintained, potentially resulting in a loss of linguistic and cultural identity for the students.

The focus of this model is typically on achieving proficiency in the second language at the expense of the first, which can create challenges for students who might struggle to retain their native language and culture in the process. By prioritizing the second language, this approach often neglects the additive nature of bilingualism, where both languages and cultural identities are valued and preserved.