What unique challenges do long-term ELLs face in education?

Long-term English Language Learners (ELLs) face unique challenges in education primarily because they may require extra support to achieve academic language proficiency. Despite having spent considerable time in the educational system, these students often struggle with the academic language necessary for success in core subjects. Their foundational language skills might be adequate for social interactions but not sufficient for the language demands of academic contexts, which include complex vocabulary, syntax, and discourse structures.

These students may also experience a gap between their conversational language proficiency and the academic language proficiency expected in schools. This discrepancy can lead to challenges in understanding and engaging with subject matter content, completing assignments, and passing standardized tests. Therefore, providing additional instructional support tailored to their specific needs is essential to help them bridge this gap and achieve the necessary academic success.